TIDAL MARSHES OF LONG ISLAND SOUND ECOLOGY, HISTORY, AND RESTORATION

THE CONNECTICUT COLLEGE ARBORETUM Bulletin No. 34 December 1995

EDITED BY GLENN D. DREYER AND WILLIAM A. NIERING ILLUSTRATIONS BY THOMAS R. OUELLETTE Foreword Acknowledgments Introduction Geologic History of Long Island Sound Evolution and Development of Tidal Marshes Tidal Wetland Ecology of Long Island Sound Human Impacts on Tidal Wetlands: History and Regulations Tidal Wetland Restoration in Connecticut The Future - Some Emerging Tidal Wetland Issues Appendix - Excerpts from the Connecticut Tidal Wetlands Act Connecticut College Arboretum Bulletins

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FOREWORD
William A. Niering, Research Director, Connecticut College Arboretum

This bulletin represents the culmination of several decades of work on the part of both the citizens of Connecticut and State agencies, such as the Department of Environmental Protection, to not only protect coastal wetland resources by enforcing the regulations in the Tidal Wetlands Act, but also launching an aggressive program in marsh restoration. An impressive effort has been made in Connecticut with at least 600 hectares (1,500 acres) restored due to the efforts of Department of Environmental Protection Staff, especially Ron Rozsa and Paul M. Capotosto. Ron, an ecologist with the Office of Long Island Sound Programs, has pioneered in restoration efforts. Paul, a Wetlands Restoration Biologist in the Wetlands Restoration Program, Wildlife Division, has moved the traditional mosquito control program into one involving open marsh water management, where biological controls - small fish - take over the removal of mosquito larvae wherever possible. These efforts, instead of constantly degrading our wetland resources, are reestablishing valuable lost habitat. The continuing pace of tidal marsh research over the past three decades has further documented the significant ecological role of these vital "liquid assets."

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The editors and authors wish to thank the following individuals for their help in the production of this publication: Laurie Rardin, Nicole Morganthaler, Susan Mickolyzck, Danielle Taylor, Margaret Welch and Jane Stahl of the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Office of Long Island Sound Programs; Diana T. Danenberg of the DEP Natural Resource Center; Rosemary Buonocore and Sylvia Frezzolini Severance, Graphic Design; Martha Rice, The Nature Conservancy, Connecticut Chapter; Kati Roessner and Harold Juli, Connecticut College; and Catherine Niering.

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Last Updated November 03, 1997