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Information ServicesCOLLECTION DEVELOPMENT AND INFORMATION ACCESS
POLICY (Charles E. Shain Library Collection Development policy) Introduction: PurposeThis policy outlines the general principles of collection development and information access in the Greer Music Library, and is a supplement to the policy document of the Charles E. Shain Library. Included are sections on deselection criteria and processes. The document primarily serves as a roadmap to ongoing development of the collection rather than a descriptor of the collection as it now exists, and should be reviewed periodically and revised as needed to reflect changes in the institution's academic mission. Connecticut College and the local music community Connecticut College is a highly selective, coeducational, private liberal arts college located in New London , Connecticut . While primarily an undergraduate institution offering a Bachelor of Arts in music, the College also offers a Master of Arts degree in music. Undergraduates who complete the required work may also earn a certificate of achievement from the Center for Arts and Technology, and receive certification in Music Education. The College enrolls approximately 1,800 students, many of whom take a music course, study applied music, and/or participate in a performing group. The number of music majors averages around 10-20 per year. The music library also serves the surrounding New London community including the United States Coast Guard Band (one of the five premier service bands), the Thames Valley Music School (a local community organization housed in the Cummings Arts Center ), students from nearby academic institutions, and area public library reference staffs. Information Services The Greer Music Library, located in the Cummings Arts Center , is a branch of the Charles E. Shain Library, and is part of the Information Services Department. The mission statement of the department is appended. The music library is organized under the Research Support and Instruction Team and the Music Librarian reports to the Team Director. The CTW Consortium In 1988 Connecticut College , Trinity College , and Wesleyan University formed the CTW Consortium. The three institutions share a library on-line catalog, and the holdings information is useful when making purchase decisions. A marginal title (as far as subject matter or level goes) might not be acquired by Greer if WU or TC already own it. Each institution has its special collection strengths that complement the holdings of the other CTW members. Wesleyan University , for example, offers a doctorate in ethnomusicology and has a strong collection of world music. The reciprocal borrowing privilege extended to faculty, students, and staff at all three institutions has, in effect, made one library of over a million volumes available to eligible borrowers. Titles needed for course reserve may also be requested from one of the CTW libraries, but the borrowing library is expected to order the item for future use. Goals of the Collection Development and Information Access Policy The music library collects music-related books, periodicals, reference sources and indexes, collected works of major composers, study and performance scores, sound recordings and other media, and provides computer-based support for the teaching and research needs of users. Special collections of sound recordings, such as the Richard C. Shelley Jazz Collection complement the main holdings of the library. A special collection of 19 th and 20 th century sheet music of (primarily) popular songs is also available for research use. A number of music-related materials are also housed in the Special Collections Library and the College Archives at the Charles E. Shain Library. Areas of collection support (in priority order): Support the music curriculum and the musical needs of curriculum in other departments Support the research needs of faculty members in their areas of special interest Provide materials for advanced students to explore beyond the curriculum Provide materials for new areas of study (non-curricular) Provide a highly selective and limited collection of non-music materials to supplement related music holdings Provide for recreational listening, reading, and playing Collection levels: Curricular support: The library will collect primarily at the Study or Instructional Support Level and selectively at the Advanced Study or Instructional Level , as defined by the American Library Association's Guidelines for the Formulation of Collection Development Policies . Faculty research support: The library will provide materials in support of faculty research to a limited degree, and within budgetary limits. The library generally will not collect at the Research Level , as defined by ALA , unless the material is deemed appropriate to supplement current holdings, and departmental approval is obtained by the researcher. Faculty are encouraged to use CTW and interlibrary loan services to obtain these types of research materials. Advanced student support: Graduate students, honors
students, and students in special programs such as CISLA may request that
materials which fall outside the scope of areas represented by the current
collection be purchased for research purposes. The materials must
be at the Study or Instructional Support Level , although advanced level
titles will be considered on a case-by-case basis, and must be approved
by the supervising faculty member. Non-music supplemental support: The library will build a limited, highly selective collection of materials in non-music subject areas that complement related music holdings (ex., acoustics). Collecting will be at the Study or Instructional Support Level , and be dependent upon budgetary limitations. Recreational support: The library will collect on a highly limited basis, as budget allows, materials that fall outside curricular and research support purposes that might be deemed “popular” or “recreational” across materials types. Gifts will provide the main means of obtaining these items, and collection level will generally be Basic .
Areas of EmphasisThe core of the Greer Music Library collection is in the history and theory of Western classical music, but we are currently developing our holdings across material types in the areas of serious contemporary music, American music, and world and popular music. Due to the (mostly) undergraduate nature of the institution and budgetary limitations, the scope of collection development for most areas tends to be representative rather than comprehensive. Exceptions are noted later in this document. Intellectual Freedom and Professional Codes The Greer Music Library subscribes to the professional codes outlined in the Charles E. Shain policy The Collection Development and Management Program Responsibility for the Selection of Music Library Materials : The Music Librarian has primary responsibility for the selection of materials of all types and formats for the music library. Faculty input into collection development is of high importance at Connecticut College , and a system of library liaisons to the academic departments is in place. The music librarian collaborates with members of the music department to identify collection areas of special interest and concern, and to review approval plans for scores. The librarian consults with appropriate faculty members when a difficult purchase decision must be made. Music faculty may submit individual purchase requests as well. The department as a whole must approve new periodical title subscription requests, and review and make a recommendation on adding complete works and monuments subscriptions. The music librarian may ask for the department's feedback when new electronic sources are under consideration for purchase. Liaison with User Groups The music librarian works with faculty and students from other academic departments who request music materials needed to support the curricula offered in non-music subject areas such as Art, Art History, English, Language studies, and History. Requests from all patrons are carefully considered and weighed against the collection development policy criteria before any purchase decision is made. Approval Plans The Greer Music Library maintains two approval plans for the acquisition of scores. The vendors are Harrassowitz and J.W. Pepper (European-American). A profile for each was developed jointly by the music librarian and music faculty members, and is based on collecting comprehensively the published works of a core body of composers. The lists are reviewed periodically by the music librarian and designated music faculty, and adjustments are made as needed. The music librarian receives slip notification of the publication of non-profiled scores from both vendors as well. The music library maintains a slip approval plan for books with Yankee Book Peddler. The service alerts the librarian to the most recent publication of music books by major academic publishers according to a profile developed with Yankee. Retrospective Analysis and Collection Building The library materials budget is used primarily to acquire recently published materials across all materials types. Only in cases of curricular or program need will the librarian purchase older materials to fill in gaps in the collection. Preservation, Conservation and Restoration The Assistant in the Music Library and trained student assistants handle simple materials repairs. Major repair jobs are outsourced. Most paperback books are bound, and, in the case of paperbacked scores, this is a necessity to protect the content, especially among heavily used printed music titles. The Greer Music Library battles water leaks, mold/mildew, wide swings in atmospheric conditions, fumes and dust from art studios, and sun damage. The physical location and design of the facility, lack of staff time, and lack of funds make long-term preservation and conservation difficult. Replacement of Damaged and Lost Materials The music librarian carefully considers each book title needing replacement using the selection criteria and checking use patterns. Recent titles are more likely to be replaced than older titles. Marginal titles will not be replaced if a copy exists elsewhere in the CTW Consortium. When deciding to replace a lost or damaged score, the music librarian must evaluate the edition lost, check library holdings to see if other copies of the piece are already in the collection, and determine the composer's and the work's importance to music repertory. If a score is missing parts, generally the entire set has to be replaced as publishers still usually do not provide single parts on demand. Compact discs, videos, and DVDs are replaced if the item is still available and the content is important to the collection. Vinyl LPs will not be replaced unless a reissue copy in compact disc format is available. Laserdiscs (12-inch) and CD-ROMS will not be replaced unless, in the latter's case, the item is needed for coursework. Out of Print Searching The Music Librarian or the Assistant in the Music Library will search out-of-print on-line services upon request only in the rarest of circumstances. Patrons will be asked to use CTW and ILL services to obtain such materials. Access to Collections The Music Librarian and the Assistant in the Music Library have responsibility for oversight of the library's collections. Trained student assistants help with staffing the circulation desk evenings and weekends, and others work behind-the-scenes to process materials, pam-bind, shelve, and shelf-read. The regular staff provide circulation assistance during regular business hours, and also provide on-line searching help and reference service. The library is cleaned, and repairs made, by members of the College's Physical Plant Department. The music library is facing shelving space problems in the oversize score area and the book and bound periodical collections. In all likelihood the music library will participate in any storage facility programs developed by Connecticut College or by the CTW Consortium. Access to electronic sources, including the on-line catalog, is via public service workstations located in the music library. Ports for laptops are also available for use by authorized patrons. Budget Allocation The Music Librarian receives a yearly allocation for the music library determined by the Director of Information Resources. The amount covers most acquisitions, periodical and electronic database subscriptions, binding costs, and postage. Endowed gifts income and individual gifts supplement the baseline figure. Other available funds include those from book sales and fines and fees. The music librarian, in consultation with the Assistant in the Music Library, divides the budget amount into separate funds (books, scores, recordings, etc.). The lines are arbitrary and meant to make collection development tracking easier, and monies may be moved from one line to another internally as the fiscal year progresses. Acquisitions Procedures Once materials have been selected for purchase, the Music Librarian gives the information to the Assistant in the Music Library, who places the orders. Most periodical subscriptions are handled by the Serials Department at Shain Library. Most U.S. book orders are sent to Yankee Book Peddler or to The Book House. Foreign book vendors include Blackwells and Harrassowitz. Orders for scores (non-approval) are placed with a variety of sources including Harrassowitz and Foundry Music. Media orders, for the most part, go to the Music Library Service Company (MLSC). Direct orders to publishers are done when necessary. Materials needed for course reserve are ordered rush from the most appropriate source. Depending upon circumstances, this could be the College Bookstore, the publisher, or a vendor. The Greer Music Library staff has not been assigned a credit card to be used exclusively for music library purchases, so almost no ordering is done from on-line bookstores such as Amazon.com. Interlibrary Loan and CTW Borrowing As already described under The CTW Consortium, Connecticut College faculty, students, and staff may borrow materials from Trinity College and Wesleyan University . The interlibrary loan service provides another means for our patrons to obtain music materials not found in CTW, and it is especially useful for scores. No media formats are obtainable via ILL , however.Materials types and selection criteria for the music library collection Selection criteria vary according to the type of material being collected. Books: Preference is given to hardcover editions unless the cost of the paperback version plus the cost of binding is considerably cheaper than buying the hardcover edition. Standing orders and subscriptions to monographic series will be placed for materials deemed to be essential under the selection criteria. Music books acquired by Shain through approval plans or series standing orders will be sent to the Greer Music Library. Monographs are chosen according to collection development policy priority and academic level. Further evaluation involves: consideration of the reputation of the author/editor and the publisher language – English is the preferred choice anticipated future value of the content faculty recommendations reviews (if available in a timely manner) availability within the CTW consortium strength of present holdings in the subject area currency duplicate holdings within the CTW consortium cost Duplicate copies will not be purchased unless needed for course reserve. For reserve, one copy per 25 students will be purchased, and additional copies will be purchased only if absolutely necessary . First choice will be to obtain extra copies from CTW libraries. Textbooks will not be purchased unless they contain information not available in other sources found in the library. Books needed for courses that do not fit the definition of a standard textbook MAY be purchased for reserve if they meet the general selection criteria. Theses and Dissertations available from UMI will be acquired only if needed by a faculty member, graduate student, or senior honors student for research. The students must obtain approval from a supervising faculty member first before the title will be ordered. Foreign dissertations will not be acquired unless requested by a faculty member. Theses and dissertations obtainable only from a source other than UMI (ex.: direct from a library on microfilm) will be purchased only if requested by a faculty member. Reference books are chosen according to the same standards as monographs, with some exceptions/additions to the criteria: language – English is the preferred choice, but other languages will be considered on a case-by-case basis depending on the type of reference source and how it is meant to be used (ex.: bibliographies, discographies) titles found in suggested core lists, especially any issued by the Music Library Association and accrediting agencies The reference book collection will include major dictionaries and encyclopedias, handbooks, directories, thematic catalogs, bibliographies and indexes, discographies, reference-type histories, and language dictionaries. A wide array of music subjects will be represented. The music library will not collect atlases, non-music specific style manuals, or non-music specific writing guides. These items are available at the Shain Library and, in some cases, on-line. When a reference source becomes available on-line, the music librarian, in consultation with the Department of Music and with appropriate Shain staff, will decide whether or not to move to the electronic format. The selection criteria plus use patterns of patrons will be applied in the decision-making process. In some cases, both print and electronic versions will be maintained, while in others the print version will be dropped. If a database's quality is poor, no switchover will be made, i.e., the print format will be kept. When possible and appropriate, the music librarian will investigate with CTW counterparts the feasibility of obtaining a cost-effective consortial subscription to the on-line database. The music librarian will evaluate the reference collection every two to three years. Outdated reference sources will be withdrawn. Electronic Books on music subjects are currently available through database subscriptions set up by Shain Library. The music librarian will monitor developments in this area and carefully consider any music-specific databases of e-books that might become available. Preference in such cases will be given to reference sources, directories, and handbooks. Reprints and Reissues are acquired only if the works are not already represented in the collection or in CTW, and they meet the selection criteria. Inclusion of a new preface or introduction will not normally be sufficient grounds for purchasing a reprint. Music Department Theses and Senior Honors Papers are automatically sent to the music library by the Music Department. A second copy is housed in the College Archives. Archival and special collections materials will not be collected by the music library. Items of this nature found in gifts will be sent to the Special Collections Library or the College Archives, as appropriate. Scores: Scores generally arrive paperbound, but this is variable and often depends upon who the publisher is and the size of the score. Most paperback scores and parts will be pamphlet bound in-house or sent to Acme for professional binding. Certain types of paperback scores, such as spiral-bound materials, may be vinabound instead. All pamphlet binding will be done in-house as it is more economical than outsourcing these items. Standing orders and series subscriptions to scores will be placed for materials deemed to be essential under the selection criteria. Scores are chosen according to the following criteria: relevance to the pedagogical and performance needs of the curriculum of the Department of Music consideration of the reputation of the composer, editor, and the publisher strength of present holdings in the genre or instrumental areas anticipated future significance of the music or composer performance level faculty recommendations student and faculty performance needs reviews (if available in a timely manner) availability within the CTW consortium duplicate holdings within the CTW consortium cost Generally one copy of any given edition will be purchased. Reference Scores of sets of the complete works of major composers from all periods of Western music history will be collected on a selective basis in consultation with the music faculty. Monuments of music (sets and series devoted to the music of a particular country, region, historical time period, or genre) will be acquired even more selectively, again in consultation with the Department of Music. Facsimiles (historical) will be collected on a highly limited basis, generally at the request of a faculty member who requires the material for classroom instruction. The librarian has the discretion, however, to directly select low-cost facsimiles published by a number of firms, libraries, and museums as long as the product adheres to a high standard of honest reproduction (no editorial “corrections”) and includes appropriate scholarly commentary. NOTE: A growing number of serious contemporary music scores are being published in facsimile, and are not regarded the same as facsimiles described here. Study and miniature scores are published with reduced print and are used for study and analysis rather than performance. Collecting will be based on the selection criteria, cost comparison between the full score of the piece and the study score, and relevance to the repertory being performed at the College. Urtext performance editions will be given first priority in cases where a choice exists, and the basic selection criteria are met. Newer editions incorporating recent scholarship into the editorial policy will be collected even if the library already holds another urtext edition of the work by the same or a different publisher. Performance editions of instrumental and vocal music will be collected based on the selection criteria and the applied music curricular needs. Preference will be given to acquiring scores with parts rather than score alone whenever a choice is given, through the dixet level. Original instrumentation will be given preference over arrangements, with some exceptions: arrangements by or authorized by the composer; arrangements by other famous composers; arrangements that are well-known. Whenever possible, the library will acquire both the full score and a piano-reduction score for concertos and other large ensemble works for solo instrument(s) with ensemble or orchestra, and for major vocal works such as operas, cantatas, and oratorios. Scores of standard solo piano repertory will be collected comprehensively, and worn music will be replaced on a regular basis. Additional copies of works may be purchased if warranted, but most adding will be done via gifts. A basic core collection of standard repertory of major works arranged for piano four-hands will be developed. The performing groups of the College (chorus, orchestra, band, other instrumental/vocal ensembles) will acquire and maintain their own libraries of performance scores and parts. Faculty preparing for performances affiliated with another academic institution should request purchase of needed materials from that institution's library. Priority on ordering study materials will be given to faculty participating in Connecticut College-connected performances [see statement above concerning Connecticut College ensemble libraries]. Vocal scores of major works such as operas, oratorios, cantatas, musicals, and songs with instrumental or orchestral accompaniment will be collected on a regular basis according to the selection criteria. First preference will be given to complete scores of the work, but when necessary the library will purchase selections or individual songs (lowest priority) from a work. Vocal Ensemble Music by major composers will be collected on a selective basis. Choral octavos will not be collected. [Note: Although these have been excluded from our approval plan profiles, occasionally an octavo is sent through. Usually the item cost is so low that it is more economical to add the title to the collection than ship it back to the vendor.] Works for large ensembles by major composers will be collected according to the selection criteria. Parts will not be purchased. Pedagogical materials , music intended for instructional purposes, will be collected for all instruments and voice according to the instructional and curricular needs of the Music Education certification and the applied music programs. This body of music includes (but is not limited to) etudes, orchestral excerpts, technical studies (ex. scales), and a limited number of learners' level pieces. One major set of a school-level music series (K-12) will be acquired by the library (ex.: Silver-Burdett). Due to the expense of such series, the set will be replaced only if it becomes outdated, too worn for use, or is missing too many volumes. Replacement will be made after consultation with the Department of Music and the supervising music education faculty member, and special funding may be needed. In general, students in the applied music programs are expected to purchase their own music for lessons. Periodicals: Most periodical titles will be bound once a full volume is received. Odd runs may be housed in Princeton files, however, with no binding. The majority of Greer subscriptions will be managed by the Shain Library Serials Department. Only a few titles will be handled directly by Greer staff. The music librarian will serve as liaison to the Serials Department. The music library will maintain a core collection of journals in various formats to support the curricular and research needs of music students and faculty. The library subscribes to the same policy as that of the Charles E. Shain Library [LINK?] with the following exception: given the size of the collection, a title will not be automatically cancelled in order to add a new one until the percentage of the acquisitions budget used to for pay for periodicals grows excessive. Any music faculty member wishing to have a new periodical title added to the library must first obtain approval from the Department of Music. The Department must discuss the cost implications with the music librarian as part of the approval process, and the title must meet selection criteria. A title already available at one of the other CTW libraries is unlikely to be added to Greer. Patrons will be encouraged to make use of CTW and ILL loan services to secure copies of articles needed from non-Greer periodical titles. Newspapers will be collected only on a highly selective basis and be limited to music-specific titles. General newspapers are available to patrons at the Shain Library or on-line. Microforms: The music library will not acquire microforms unless an item meeting selection criteria for the corresponding format (books, reference, scores, dissertations) is available only as a microform. Requests by faculty for special research materials on microform must be pre-approved by the Department of Music, and will be ordered only if funds are available. The library may acquire back runs of periodicals on microfilm if requested by a faculty member, or if the music librarian deems it necessary for research, preservation or space-saving purposes, and if funds are available. Patrons will be encouraged to use the CTW and ILL loan services to obtain copies of articles not available in the music library. The library maintains a microfilm and a microfiche reader in Greer. Sound recordings: The library will collect sound recordings in the following formats: Compact discs (first priority) Cassettes (highly selective; only if title not otherwise available on compact disc) Vinyl LPs (extremely selective; only if title not otherwise available on CD or cassette; mainly acquired via gifts) Standing orders will be placed for major series of compact discs that meet selection criteria. New sound formats will be collected as deemed appropriate, and if reasonably-priced access is available (playback equipment, internet connections, etc.). The music librarian will not attempt to buy a recording to match every score of an individual work purchased for Greer (or vice versa) except in the case of major works in all areas. Patrons may submit requests for recording purchases when a need is recognized. Playback equipment for collected formats will be obtained and maintained by the music library, if available at a reasonable cost. Recordings are chosen according to the following criteria: relevance to the curricular, pedagogical and performance needs of the Department of Music relevance to the curricular needs of other academic departments, especially dance and theater consideration of the repertory, performer(s), and label name strength of current holdings in the area represented by the recording faculty recommendations need to expand holdings in anticipation of future curricular directions presence on awards lists, core lists, etc. reviews (if available in a timely manner) availability of matching scores of major works in the library collection recreational listening Spoken word recordings will not be collected by the music library. Sound effects collections will be purchased only upon request by a faculty member or an academic department, and onlyif the publisher grants automatic reproduction rights. Recital tapes and compact discs : The music library has in storage a collection of reel-to-reel tapes of music department recitals dating from the 1970's. As far as is known, these are the only extant copies of these particular programs, and effort is being made to preserve the tapes. Approximately 25 were rewound and reboxed by the Cutting Corporation, but before more are processed, consideration must instead be given to transferring these tapes to compact disc format. This is a costly process, however, and special funds would need to be found to cover the expense. More recent department programs are on cassette or compact disc. Copies are sent to the music library by the department on an irregular basis. The masters are kept by the Music Department. Visual materials: Preference will be given to collecting DVDs and VHS videocassettes. Laserdiscs are no longer collected. DVDs will be given preference over videocassettes if a choice exists. The library will collect visual material according to the following criteria: relevance to the curricular, pedagogical, and performance needs of the music department relevance to the curricular needs of other academic departments instructional level (where applicable; must be college level except in cases of need for the Music Education program) strength of holdings in related areas faculty recommendations reviews (if available in a timely manner) The music library will develop a comprehensive collection of opera performances of major repertory and collect selectively in areas such as instrumental performance, master classes, and documentaries. Feature films of a music-related subject will be acquired only upon faculty recommendation. Dance films will be collected by the Charles E. Shain Library. The music library may choose to select a video, however, if the music content meets Greer's selection criteria. Computer software and other technologies: Computer software will not be collected by the music library. CD-ROMS will be collected on a highly selective basis based on current curricular needs of the music department. The library is not equipped to allow most CD-ROMS – with the exception of a few specialized reference sources – to be used on public workstations. Emergent on-line products such as audio and printed music databases will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis as they become available. Issues of copyright, access, bandwidth, and subscription and printing costs will be considered. Selection criteria for the associated format (recordings, scores) will apply. Gifts: Physical gifts The Greer Music Library's policy statement on gifts is appended. Monetary gifts are channeled through the College's Development Office, and the music librarian receives notification of receipt of such gifts. Donor requests to use the money to purchase particular titles or subject areas are honored whenever possible. All donated items or items purchased with gift funds receive a special bookplate. Deselection: The Greer Music Library subscribes to the Deselection Criteria espoused by the Charles E. Shain Library for books [appended]. All weeding is done in consultation with the faculty of the Music Department. Scores will be weeded on a highly selective basis. Multiple copies of old anthologies will be priority candidates for deselection, but in some areas of the score collection multiple copies of specific works are desirable. Worn-beyond-repair or brittle copies will be withdrawn, and replacement will be determined by a selection criteria evaluation and faculty consultation. The Greer Music Library staff and the Department of Music faculty recognize the aural, contextual, and historical value of the vinyl LP collections. Many of the performances and repertory represented in our current holdings will never be reissued in a newer format. The collection is still used for course reserve, teaching, and performance study. Weeding will focus on withdrawing badly worn recordings, multiple copies (keeping best copy), sets accompanying outdated theory texts and historical anthologies, and albums superceded by a compact disc release that may come in on standing order (if content is equal to or greater than that of the LP). Due to budget considerations, replacement of withdrawn items by an available compact disc will not be automatic. Each title will be evaluated according to the selection criteria, circulation history will be examined, the strength of our holdings of the same repertory on other recordings will be determined, and the music librarian may consult with faculty members who have interest in the repertory area. Cassettes, when worn or lost, will not be replaced unless the item is part of an important set, including print/cassette combinations. Edition, availability, and usage will be taken into consideration during the decision-making process. The retention policy for the Connecticut College recital materials is appended. Weeding of newer format collections such as compact discs, DVDs, and videocassettes will be done in the future when holdings have significantly increased, and/or a format is superceded by new technology. Appendices:
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